NursePrep

Chapters

Fluids and Electrolyte Imbalances

Sections

Fluid and Electrolyte Imbalances

Fluid and Electrolyte Imbalances: Water Abnormalities

Water Abnormalities: Deficiency

Water Deficiency: Fluid Replacement

Fluid Replacement: Crystalloid and Colloid Solutions

Fluid Replacement: Blood and Blood Products

Fluid and Electrolyte Imbalances: Electrolyte Abnormalities

Electrolytes Abnormalities: Anion Gap

Electrolyte Abnormalities: Sodium Imbalances

Sodium Imbalances: Hyponatremia

Sodium Imbalances: Hypernatremia

Electrolyte Abnormalities: Chloride Imbalances

Electrolyte Abnormalities: Potassium Imbalances

Hypokalemia is a serum potassium level of less than 3.5 mEq/L [mmoL/L]

Potassium Imbalances: Hyperkalemia

Electrolyte Abnormalities: Calcium Imbalances

Calcium Imbalances: Hypocalcemia

Calcium Imbalances: Hypercalcermia

electrolyte Abnormalities: Phosphate Imbalances

Phosphate Imbalances: Hypophosphatemia

Phosphate Imbalances: Hyperphosphatemia

Electrolyte Abnormalities: Magnesium Imbalances

Magnesium Imbalances: Hypomagnesmia

Magnesium Imbalances: Hypermagnesemia

Patient Assessment

Sections

Introduction

Learning Objectives

Data Collection: Subjective Data

Data Collection: Objective Data

Components of the Initial Patient Assessment

Primary Survey

Primary Survey: Airway and Alertness with Simultaneous Cervical Spine Protection

Primary Survey: Breathing and Ventilation

Primary Survey: Circulation and Control of Hemorrhage

Primary Survey: Disability (Neurologic Status)

Primary Survey: Exposure and Environmental Control

Primary Survey: Full Set of Vital Signs

Primary Survey: Full Set of Vital Signs – Temperature

Primary Survey: Full Set of Vital Signs-Pulse

Primary Survey: Full Set of Vital Signs – Respirations

Primary Survey: Full Set of Vital Signs- Blood Pressure

Primary Survey: Full Set of Vital Signs – Weight and Height

Primary Survey: Full Set of Vital Signs – Serial Vital Signs

Primary Survey: Family Presence

Primary Survey: Get Adjuncts

Adult Pain Scales

Pediatric Pain Scales

Secondary Survey: HIJ Components

Secondary Survey: History

To help organize and obtain an adequate history, use the SAMPLE mnemonic:

History: Completion

Secondary Survey: Head-to-toe assessment

Head-to-toe Assessment: Head and Face

Head-to-toe Assessment: Neck

Head-toe Assessment: Chest

Head-toe Assessment: Abdomen

Head-toe Assessment: Pelvis and Perineum

Head-toe Assessment: Extremities

Secondary Survey: Inspect Posterior Surfaces

Secondary Survey: Just Keep reevaluating

Special Patient Populations

Special Patient Populations: Pediatric Patients

Special Patient Populations: Pediatric Patients-Airway

Special Patient Populations: Pediatric Patients-Breathing

Special Patient Populations: Pediatric Patients-Circulation

Special Patient Populations: Pediatric Patients-Vital Signs by Age

Special Patient Populations: Pediatric Patients-Disability and Neurologic status

Special Patient Populations: Pediatric Patients-Vital Signs

Special Patient Populations: Older Adult Patients

Special Patient Populations: Obstetric Patients

Special Patient Populations: Bariatric Patients

Ongoing Assessment

Toxicology

Sections

Introduction

Objectives

Workplace Safety

Care of the Overdose Patient

Patient Assessment

Physical Assessment

Patient Assessment - History

Labs and Diagnostics

Patient Management

Decontamination

Antidotes

Challenge

Opioids

Suboxone

Sympathomimetics

Cocaine

Amphetamine

Hallucinogen

Anticholinergic

Sedative Hypnotic

Cholinergic

Acetaminophen

Salicylate

Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDS) Toxicity

Laundry Detergent Pods

Marijuana

Cannabinoid Hyperemesis Syndrome

Antidepressant Toxicity Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs)

Cardiac Sodium Channel Blocker Poisoning

Digitalis Glycoside Toxicity

Calcium Channel Blocker

Beta Blocker

Alcohol

Hydrofluoric Acid (HFA) Exposures (Hydrogen Fluoride)

Chloroquine/Hydroxychloroquine Poisoning

QT prolongation

Carbon Monoxide Poisoning

Cyanide

Summary

Cardiovascular Emergencies - Part 1

Sections

Introduction

Learning Objectives

Factors Causing Dysrhythmias

Dysrhythmias

Sinus Rhythms

Dysrhythmias: Sinus Bradycardia

Dysrythmias: Sinus Tachycardia

Dysrhythmias: Sinus Arrhythmia

Dysrhyythmias: Multiform Atrial Rhythm (Wandering Atrial Pacemaker)

Dysrhyythmias: Paroxysmal Supraventiricular Tachycardia

Dysrhythmias: Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome

Dysrhythmias: Junctional Dysrhythmias

Dysrhythmias: Premature Ventricular Complexes

Premature Ventricular Complexes: Types

Dysrhythmias: Accelerated Idioventricular Rhythm

Dysrhythmias: Ventricular Tachycardia

Ventricular Tachycardia: Management

Dysrhythmias: Ventricular Fibrillation

Dysrhythmias: Asystole

Dysrhythmias: Pulseless Electrical Activity

Dysrhythmias: Conduction Disorders-Atrioventricular Blocks

Atrioventricular Blocks: First-degree Atrioventricular Block

Atrioventricular Blocks: Second-degree Atrioventricular Block

Atrioventricular Blocks: Third-degree Atrioventricular Block

Dysrhythmias: Conduction Disorders-Bundle Branch Blocks

Dysrhythmias: Conduction Disorders-Long QT Syndrome

Paced Rhythms

Paced Rhythms: Complications

Therapeutic Electrical Interventions

Therapeutic Electrical Interventions: Defibrillators

Defibrillators: Safe, Effective Defibrillation

Therapeutic Electrical Interventions: Synchronized Cardioversion

Therapeutic Electrical Interventions: Pacing Devices

Summary

Cardiovascular Emergencies - Part 2

Sections

Introduction

Learning Objectives

Cardiac Arrest

Circulation

Cardiac Arrest: Pharmacologic Therapy

Cardiac Arrest: Pharmacologic Therapy (continued)

Cardiac Arrest: Patient Management After Cardiac Arrest

Cardiac Arrest: Targeted Temperature Management After Cardiac Arrest

Acute Coronary Syndrome

Acute Coronary Syndrome: Pathogenesis

Acute Coronary Syndrome: Overview

Acute Coronary Syndrome: Signs and Symptoms

Acute Coronary Syndrome: Signs and Symptoms (continued)

Acute Coronary Syndrome: Differential Diagnosis of Chest Pain

Acute Coronary Syndrome: Physical Examination

Acute Coronary Syndrome: Electrocardiography

Acute Coronary Syndrome: Electrocardiography (continued)

Electrocardiography: Types of Myocardial Infarctions

Electrocardiography: Types of Myocardial Infarctions (continued)

Electrocardiography: Continuous Monitoring

Acute Coronary Syndrome: Cardiac Biomarkers

Acute Coronary Syndrome: Additional Diagnostic Tests

Acute Coronary Syndrome: Initial Management

Initial Management: Pharmacologic Intervention

Additional medications may be administered to enhance coronary blood flow and relieve chest pain.

Patient Management: Reperfusion

Reperfusion: Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

Reperfusion: Fibrinolytic Therapy

Reperfusion: Evaluation

Cardiovascular Emergencies, Part II

Heart Failure: Interventions

Pericarditis

Pathophysiology

Legal and Medical Issues (ENPEP)

Sections

Introduction

Legal and Medical Issues

Confidentiality and Privacy

Disclosure of Health Information

Consent

Documentation

Disclosure of Harm

Leaving Without Being Seen by Physician/NP (LWBS)

Leaving Against Medical Advice (LAMA)

Discharge Teaching

Information Sharing with Police

Mandatory Reporting

Warrants for Blood Collection

Forensic Evidence Collection

Incarcerated/Detained Patients

Maltreatment

Domestic Violence

Protection for Persons In Care

Protection for Persons In Care (PPIC)

Elder Abuse

Sexual Assault

Dead on Arrival (DOA)

Medical Examiner’s (ME) Cases

Mental Health Emergencies

Sections

Part 1: Mental Health Emergencies - Introduction

Introduction - Mental Health Emergencies in the ED

Introduction - Mental Health - The Crisis is Real

Introduction - Mental Illness

Introduction - The Stigma of Mental Illness

Introduction - Correct Language

Approach to Care

Approach to Care - Trauma Informed Care

Approach to Care - Communication Tips and Techniques

Approach to Care - Recognizing Signs of Agitation

Approach to Care - Maintain Safety

Approach to Care - Maintaining a Safe Environment

Approach to Care - VAST and BSP

Approach to Care - VAST

Approach to Care - Acute Agitation and Restraint

Approach to Care - Be prepared

CTAS and Mental Health

Approach to Care - Resources and Referrals

Assessment

Assessment - Mental Health Assessment

Assessment - General Principles

Assessment - Medical conditions

Assessment - Safety Considerations

Assessment - Suicide Risk Assessment

Assessment - Moderate Risk

Assessment - Low Risk

Assessment - Protective Factors

Assessment - Warning Signs

Common Presentation

Common Presentations - Anxiety and Panic Disorders

Common Presentation - Depression - Signs and Symptoms

Common Presentation - Postpartum Depression

Common Presentation - Depression in Older Adults

Common Presentation - Delirium

Common Presentation - Delirium Triggers

Common Presentation - Excited Delirium

Common Presentation - Acute Psychosis

Common - Bipolar Disorder

Common Presentation - Schizophrenia

Common Presentations - Borderline Personality Disorder - Signs and Symptoms

Common Presentation - Interventions

Common Presentation - Interventions - Depression

Common Presentations - Interventions - Acute Psychosis or Schizophrenia

Common Presentation - Psychotropic Pharmacology

Common Presentations - Helpful Hints - The person who talks rapidly and continuously

Common Presentation - Helpful Hints - Delusions or Hallucinations

Common Presentation - Helpful Hints - Paranoid Delusions

Common Presentation - Concurrent Disorders

Common Presentation - Addiction

Common Presentations - Adverse Medication Reaction - Lithium - Toxic Effects

Common Presentation - Adverse Medication Reaction - Extrapyramidal Symptoms

Common Presentations - Adverse Medication Reaction

Common Presentations - Adverse Medication Reaction - Sudden Cardiac Death

Pediatric Presentations

Pediatric Presentations - Pediatric Mental Health Emergencies

Pediatric Presentations - Pediatric Mental Health Statistics

Pediatric Presentations - Pediatric Patient Assessment

Pediatric Presentations - Suicidal Ideations and Behaviors

Pediatric Presentations - ASQ (Ask Suicide-Screening Questions) Tool

Pediatric Presentations - Heads-ed

Pediatric Presentations - Bullying

Pediatric Presentations - Pediatric Interventions

Lesson Summary

Wound Care in the ED/UCC

Sections

Objectives

Wound

Phases of Wound Healing

Factors Affecting Wound Healing

Assessment of Acute Wounds

Wound Classification by Color

Wound Size

Intention Healing

Wound preparation – Cleansing

Wound Preparation – Cleansing

Wound Preparation – Irrigation

Tetanus

Is the Injury/Wound Tetanus-prone?

First Step: Assess Immunization History

Are TIG and/or Tetanus-containing Vaccine Required?

Tetanus Immune Globulin (TIG)

Diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis (dTap)

Tetanus-diphtheria (Td)

Pain Management

Local Anesthesia

Wound Packing

Wound Closure

Wound Closure - Dermabond

Wound Care Products-Dressings

Wound Care Products

Wound Care Products pt 2

Wound Care Products - Tubular Dressings

Applying Scalp and Face Dressings

Wound Care – Antimicrobials

Wound Types - Laceration

Wound Types - Incision

Wound Types - Abrasions

Wound Types - Contusions

Wound Types - Avulsions

Wound Types - Avulsion

Wound Types - Puncture

Wound Types- Abscesses

Wound Type – Skin Tears

ISTAP Skin Tear Classification

Skin Tears

Wound Type - Burn Injuries

Burn Injuries – Management of Minor Burns

Burn Injuries – Management of Minor Burns pt 2

Wound Type - Blisters

Wound Type - Frostbite

Wound Type – Deep Frostbite

Pressure Ulcers

Pressure Ulcers by Grade

Wound Type - Bites

Rabies

Key Tips

Simple Dressing Choices for ED

When to Consult

Considerations for Outpatient Dressings

Discharge Instructions

Documentation

Obstetric Trauma

Sections

Introduction

Trauma in the Pregnant Patient and Fetus

Age-Related Considerations

Patient Assessment

Patient Assessment: Primary Survey and Interventions

Patient Assessment: Secondary Survey and Interventions

Focused Obstetric Assessment: Abdomen

Focused Obstetric Assessment: Uterus

Focused Obstetric Assessment: Fetus

Focused Obstetric Assessment: Perineum

Patient Assessment: Laboratory and Diagnostic Studies

Mechanisms of injury: Blunt Trauma

Mechanisms of Injury: Blunt Trauma (continued)

Mechanisms of Injury: Penetrating Injury

Mechanisms of Injury: Burns

Mechanisms of Injury: Electrical Injury

Consequences of Trauma: Preterm Uterine Contractions

Consequences of Trauma: Abruptio Placentae

Consequences of Trauma: Uterine Rupture

Special Considerations: Cardiac Arrest in the Pregnant Patient

Special Considerations: Perimortem Cesarean Section

Special Considerations: Neonatal Resuscitation

Summary

Lesson Outline

Thoracic Trauma

Sections

Introduction

Patient Assessment

Patient Assessment: Airway

Patient Assessment: Breathing

Patient Assessment: Breathing (continued)

Patient Assessment: Circulation

Patient Assessment: Circulation (continued)

Patient Assessment: FAST Examination

Specific Thoracic Injuries: Chest Wall Injuries

Rib Fractures: Treatment

Chest Wall Injuries: Flail Chest

Flail Chest: Treatment

Chest Wall Injuries: Sternal Fractures

Chest Wall Injuries: Traumatic Asphyxia

Specific Thoracic Injuries: Pulmonary Injuries

Pulmonary Injuries: Laryngeal Injury

Pulmonary Injuries: Bronchial Injury

Pulmonary Injuries: Pneumothorax

Pneumothorax: Open Pneumothorax

Pneumothorax: Tension Pneumothorax

Pulmonary Injuries: Hemothorax

Chest Tubes

Autotransfusion

Pulmonary Injuries: Pulmonary Contusion

Pulmonary Injuries: Diaphragmatic Injury

Specific Thoracic Injuries: Cardiac and Great Vessel Injuries

Cardiac and Great Vessel Injuries: Blunt Cardiac Injury

Cardiac and Great Vessel Injuries: Penetrating Cardiac Injury

Cardiac and Great Vessel Injuries: Cardiac Tamponade

Cardiac Tamponade: Evaluation and Treatment

Cardiac and Great Vessel Injuries: Aortic Disruption

Aortic Disruption: Evaluation

Aortic Disruption: Treatment

Specific Thoracic Injuries: Esophageal Injury

Summary

Lesson Summary

Head Trauma

Sections

Introduction

Learning Objectives

Patient Assessment

Patient Assessment: ABCs

Patient Assessment: Neurologic Function

Patient Assessment: Level of Consciousness

Neurologic Function: Additional History

Neurologic Function: Glasgow Come and FOUR Score Scales

Glasgow Come Scale

Response Descriptions for the Glasgow Coma Scale

FOUR Score Coma Scale

Neurologic Function: Glasgow Coma Scale

Neurologic Function: Cranial Nerve Examination

Cranial Nerve Examination: Conscious Patient

Cranial Nerve Examination: Unconscious Patient

Cranial Nerve Examination: Unconscious Patient (continued)

Patient Assessment: Increased Intracranial Pressure

Patient Assessment: Vital Signs

Specific Head Injuries

Specific Head Injuries: Minor Focal Brain Injuries

Specific Head Injuries: Focal Brain Injuries

Focal Brain Injuries: Contusions

Focal Brain Injuries: Intraventricular Hemorrhage and Intracerebral Hematoma

Focal Brain Injuries: Epidural Hematoma

Focal Brain Injuries: Subdural Hematomas

Specific Head Injuries: Diffuse Brain Injuries

Specific Head Injuries: Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

Diffuse Brain Injuries: Diffuse Axonal Injury

Diffuse Brain Injuries: Diffuse Axonal Injury (continued)

Patient Management: Primary Brain Injury

Patient Management: Secondary Brain Injury

Patient Management: Brain Trauma Foundation Guidelines

Patient Management: Initial Resuscitation-Airway and Breathing

Initial Resuscitation: Ventilation

Initial Resuscitation: Circulation

Initial Resuscitation: Blood Products

Patient Management: Intracranial Pressure Monitoring

Patient Management: Intracranial Pressure Management

Intracranial Pressure Management: Environmental Interventions

Intracranial Pressure Management: Environmental Interventions (continued)

Intracranial Pressure Management: Pharmacologic Interventions

Intracranial Pressure Management: Mannitol

Intracranial Pressure Management: Hypertonic Saline Solution

Intracranial Pressure Management: Surgery

Patient Management: Maintaining Cerebral Perfusion Pressure

Patient Management: Other Interventions

Patient Management: Ongoing Neurologic Assessment

Patient Management: Patient Disposition

Patient Management: Discharge

Summary

Lesson Summary

Abdominal and Genitourinary Trauma

Sections

Introduction

Learning Objectives

Patient Assessment

Patient Assessment: History

Patient Assessment: Mechanism of Injury

Mechanism of Injury: Blunt Trauma

Mechanism of Injury: Penetrating Trauma

Patient Assessment: Physical Assessment

Initial Stabilization

Emergency Department Interventions

Emergency Department Interventions: Diagnostic Evaluation

Diagnostic Evaluation: Other Imaging Studies

Diagnostic Evaluation: Surgery

Diagnostic Evaluation

Specific Abdominal Injuries:

Specific Abdominal Injuries: Liver

Specific Abdominal Injuries: Stomach

Specific Abdominal Injuries: Intestines

Specific Abdominal Injuries: Pancreas

Specific Abdominal Injuries: Diaphragm

Specific Abdominal Injuries: Vascular Structures

Specific Abdominal Injuries: Foreign Bodies

Specific Genitourinary Injuries

Specific Genitourinary Injuries: Kidneys

Kidney: Grading Injuries

Specific Genitourinary Injuries: Ureters

Specific Genitourinary Injuries: Bladder

Specific Genitourinary Injuries: Urethra

Urethra: Injury from Foreign Bodies

Specific Genitourinary Injuries: Penis

Burns

Sections

Introduction

Learning Objectives

Etiology

Etiology: Thermal Burns

Thermal Burns: Flames

Thermal Burns: Flash

Thermal Burns: Contact with Hot Objects

Etiology: Electrical Burns

Electrical Burns: Lightning

Etiology: Chemical Burns

Pathophysiology

Body Responses

Pathophysiology: Large Burns

Pathophysiology: Large Burns (continued)

Pathophysiology: Smoke Inhalation

Burn Assessment: Depth

Burn Assessment: Depth (continued)

Burn Assessment: Extent

Burn Assessment: Severity

Burn Assessment: Severity (continued)

Burn Assessment: Transfer Criteria

Burns

Smoke Inhalation: Carbon Monoxide Poisoning (continued)

Smoke Inhalation: Cyanide Poisoning

Smoke Inhalation: Upper Airway Obstruction

Smoke Inhalation: Lower Airway and Lung Injury

Patient Management

Patient Management: Airway

Patient Management: Breathing

Breathing: Antidotes to Cyanide Poisoning

Patient Management: Breathing (continued)

Patient Management: Circulation

Circulation: Fluid Resuscitation

Circulation: Fluid Replacement in Electrical Injuries

Patient Management: Exposure and Temperature Regulation

Patient Management: Diagnostic Tests

Patient Management: Protection Against Infection

Patient Management: Tetanus Immunization

Patient Management: Pain Management

Patient Management: Pain Management (continued)

Patient Management: Wound Care

Patient Management: Wound Care (continued)

Prevention

Summary

Lesson Summary

Pain Assessment and Management

Sections

Introduction - Pain in the ED/UCC

Introduction - What is pain?

Role of the ED/UCC Nurse

Introduction - Guiding Principles

Introduction - Statistics

Types

Types - Acute

Types - Chronic

Types - Neuropathic

Types - Nociceptive

Assessment - Pain Assessment

Assessment - Poorly managed acute pain can lead to:

Assessment - Notes on Assessment

Assessment - Performing a Pain Assessment

Assessment - The "PQRST" tool

Assessment - Pain Scales

Assessment - Visual Analog

Assessment - Pain Assessment in Advanced Dementia Scale (PAINAD)

Assessment - Critical Care Observation Tool (CPOT)

Assessment - Assessment in Children

Assessment - Pediatric Pain Scales

Management

Management - Non-Pharmacological Management

Management - Pharmacological Management

Management - Myths and Facts

Management - Procedural Pain

Management - Topical Anaesthetics

Management - Routes of Administration

Management - Intranasal Medications

Management - Acetaminophen (Tylenol)

Management - Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDS) (ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen)

Management - Opiods

Management - Opioids

Management - Risk Factors for Over-Sedation and Respiratory Depression

Management - Buprenorphine / Naloxone (suboxone)

Management - Cannabis

Management - Pediatric Pain Management

Management - Neonates and Infants

Management - Sucrose

Management - Non-pharmacological Interventions

Management - Codeine Use in Children – Caution!

Management - Myths and Facts

Challenges

Challenges: Older Adults

Challenges: Chronic Pain

Summary - Evaluation

Summary - Oligoanalgesia (under treatment of pain)

Summary - Documentation

Summary - Communication

Summary

Dental, Ear, Nose, Throat and Facial Emergencies

Sections

Introduction

Learning Objectives

Anatomy

Anatomy and Physiology -Teeth

A & P Teeth

Anatomy and Physiology –Teeth

Assessment Mouth - Patient Assessment

Dental Presentations

Dental Emergencies

Dental Emergencies -Fractures

Dental Emergencies – Tooth Avulsion

Dental Avulsion

Dental Abscess

Dental Abscess Management

Dental Emergencies - Ludwig’s Angina

Ludwig’s angina – Signs and Symptoms

Ludwig’s Angina Management:

Anatomy and Physiology: Ears

Patient Assessment - Pediatric Ears

Patient Assessment - Ears

Ear Emergencies

Administering Ear Drops

Ear Inflammation

Ear Inflammation - Predisposing factors:

Ear Inflammation - Acute otitis media (middle ear inflammation)

Acute otitis media

Ear Inflammation – Vestibular Neuritis

Mastoiditis

Ruptured Tympanic Membrane

Foreign Body in Ear

Foreign Body Removal

Anatomy and Physiology: Nose

Patient Assessment – Nose

Nasal Emergencies

Epistaxis

Epistaxis (cont.)

Epistaxis - Obtain History

Epistaxis Management

Anterior Epistaxis Management

Posterior Epistaxis Management

Epistaxis Complications

Epistaxis

Foreign Body in Nose

Nasal Foreign Body Special Considerations

Anatomy and Physiology Throat

Patient Assessment

Throat Emergencies

Pharyngitis (pharyngeal inflammation)

Acute Laryngitis (vocal cord inflammation)

Tonsillitis

Tonsillitis Management

Tonsillitis Complications

Peritonsillar Abscess

Mild Peritonsillar Abscess

Severe Peritonsillar Abscess

Post-Tonsillectomy Hemorrhage

Post-Tonsillectomy Hemorrhage- Management

Post-Tonsillectomy Hemorrhage

Foreign Body Ingestion - Button Battery

Epiglottitis

Anatomy and Physiology – Face

Anatomy and Physiology of the Face

Facial Emergencies

Sinusitis

Temporomandibular Joint Dislocation

Lesson Summary

Gastrointestinal Emergencies

Sections

Introduction

Learning Objectives

Assessment

Assessment: Abdominal Pain

Assessment: Findings Associated with Abdominal Pain

Assessment: Abdominal Examination

Specific Gastrointestinal Emergencies

Gastrointestinal Bleeding

Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding: Variceal Bleeding

Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding: Variceal Bleeding (continued)

Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding: Nonvariceal Bleeding

Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding: Initial Management

Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding: Laboratory and Diagnostic Tests

Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding: Management

Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding: Complications

Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding

Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding: Management

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease

Assessment: Abdominal Pain

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: Management

Appendicitis: Signs and Symptoms

Appendicitis: Treatment

Cholecystitis

Cholecystitis: Signs and Symptoms

Cholecystitis: Laboratory and Diagnostic Tests

Cholecystitis: Treatment

Acute Pancreatitis

Acute Pancreatitis: Signs and Symptoms

Acute Pancreatitis: Laboratory and Diagnostic Tests

Acute Pancreatitis: Management

Acute Pancreatitis: Complications

Diverticulitis

Diverticulitis: Signs and Symptoms

Diverticulitis: Laboratory and Diagnostic Tests

Diverticulitis: Treatment

Bowel Obstruction: Signs and Symptoms

Bowel Obstruction: Laboratory and Diagnostic Tests

Bowel Obstruction: Management

Bowel Obstruction: Complications

Acute Gastroenteritis

Acute Gastroenteritis: Treatment

Summary

Lesson Summary

Gynecologic Emergencies

Sections

Introduction

Learning Objectives

Assessment: History

Assessment: Physical Examination

Assessment: Diagnostic Tests

Specific Gynecologic Emergencies: Abnormal Vaginal Bleeding

Abnormal Vaginal Bleeding: Dysfunctional Uterine Bleeding

Abnormal Vaginal Bleeding: Assessment

Abnormal Vaginal Bleeding: Interventions

Specific Gynecologic Emergencies: Pelvic Pain

Specific Gynecologic Emergencies: Dysmenorrhea

Specific Gynecologic Emergencies: Endometriosis

Specific Gynecologic Emergencies: Mittelschmerz

Specific Gynecologic Emergencies: Ovarian Cysts

Specific Gynecologic Emergencies: Ovarian Torsion

Specific Gynecologic Emergencies: Vaginal Discharge and Vaginitis

Specific Gynecologic Emergencies: Pelvic Inflammatory Disease

Pelvic Inflammatory Disease: Treatments

Specific Gynecologic Emergencies: Tubo-ovarian Abscess

Specific Gynecologic Emergencies: Bartholin Gland Cyst/Abscess

Specific Gynecologic Emergencies: Bartholin Gland Cyst/Abscess (continued)

Specific Gynecologic Emergencies: Sexually Transmitted Infections

Sexually Transmitted Infections: Complications

Sexually Transmitted Infections: Complications (continued)

Sexually Transmitted Infections: Genital Herpes

Sexually Transmitted Infections: Human Papillomavirus Infection (Genital Warts)

Sexually Transmitted Infections: Chancroid

Sexually Transmitted Infections: Syphilis

Sexually Transmitted Infections: Chlamydial Infection